Not Read, but Nevertheless Solved? Three Experiments on PIRLS Multiple Choice Reading Comprehension Test Items

Sparfeldt, J. R., Kimmel, R., Lowenkamp, L., Steingräber, A., & Rost, D. H. (2012). Not Read, but Nevertheless Solved? Three Experiments on PIRLS Multiple Choice Reading Comprehension Test Items. Educational Assessment, 17(4), 214-232. doi:10.1080/10627197.2012.735921